Wednesday, June 13, 2012
Impersonal "se" 8.3- See related pages on Dos Mundos
Impersonal Se
Overview
Impersonal expressions are used when the subject of a verb is unspecified (but is human). They are mostly used to make general statements and to express rules.
Impersonal Se
To form the impersonal se, verbs are always 3rd person singular and are commonly followed by a direct object.
Impersonal Se Formula
se + 3rd person singular (But you don’t have to add the subject pronoun- el/ ella)
Examples
• Se necesita que la gente proteja la Tierra. (It's necessary that people protect the Earth.)
• Se habla español aquí. (Spanish is spoken here.)
• Se dice que va a llover mañana. (It's said it is going to rain tomorrow.)
• Se prohibe fumar. (Smoking is prohibited.)
• No se permite hacer fotos aquí. (Photographs are not permitted.)
Exercises
1) Complete the following phrases conjugating each verb to the 3rd person singular.
Example: Se (esperar) los resultados. -> Se esperan los resultados.
1. Se (saber) que la contaminación es mala para la Tierra.
2. Se (preferir) la ropa de una marca buena.
3. No se (permitir) la comida en el teatro.
4. Se (decir) que hay extraterrestres en el Marte.
5. Se (hablar) de las elecciones por todo el mundo.
Answers
1. Se sabe que la contaminación es malo para la Tierra.
2. Se prefiere la ropa de una marca buena.
3. No se permite la comida en el teatro.
4. Se dice que hay extraterrestres en el Marte.
5. Se habla de las elecciones por todo el mundo.
Overview
Impersonal expressions are used when the subject of a verb is unspecified (but is human). They are mostly used to make general statements and to express rules.
Impersonal Se
To form the impersonal se, verbs are always 3rd person singular and are commonly followed by a direct object.
Impersonal Se Formula
se + 3rd person singular (But you don’t have to add the subject pronoun- el/ ella)
Examples
• Se necesita que la gente proteja la Tierra. (It's necessary that people protect the Earth.)
• Se habla español aquí. (Spanish is spoken here.)
• Se dice que va a llover mañana. (It's said it is going to rain tomorrow.)
• Se prohibe fumar. (Smoking is prohibited.)
• No se permite hacer fotos aquí. (Photographs are not permitted.)
Exercises
1) Complete the following phrases conjugating each verb to the 3rd person singular.
Example: Se (esperar) los resultados. -> Se esperan los resultados.
1. Se (saber) que la contaminación es mala para la Tierra.
2. Se (preferir) la ropa de una marca buena.
3. No se (permitir) la comida en el teatro.
4. Se (decir) que hay extraterrestres en el Marte.
5. Se (hablar) de las elecciones por todo el mundo.
Answers
1. Se sabe que la contaminación es malo para la Tierra.
2. Se prefiere la ropa de una marca buena.
3. No se permite la comida en el teatro.
4. Se dice que hay extraterrestres en el Marte.
5. Se habla de las elecciones por todo el mundo.
Verb parecerse y llevarse bien (9.1)
9.1 Reciprocal Actions
Verb parecerse/ llevarse and exercises.
v
Use the following Reflexive pronouns
Me
Te
Se
Nos
Se
with reflexive verbs
(infinitives end in –se). Place the
reflexive pronouns as you would any Direct or Indirect Object Pronoun.
o
to the left of any single conjugated verb or negative command
o
attached to the end of an infinitive, positive command or present
participle (-ing word)
Uses: Reflexive verbs have several meanings.
in daily routines to mean “self”: lavarse, bañarse, levantarse,
peinarse, cepillarse, ponerse, vestirse (i), ducharse, despertarse (ie),
acostarse (ue)
to describe a physical or emotional state: divertirse (ie), sentirse
(ie), quejarse, portarse (bien/mal), darse cuenta de
to express a change of state usually meaning “to get” or “to become”:
ponerse, cansarse, aburrirse, enojarse, casarse, perderse, volverse
some verbs change their meaning when they are used reflexively:
o
ir= to go irse
= to leave
o
quitar = to take away quitarse
= to take off
o
perder = to lose perderse
= to become lost
o
dormir = to sleep dormirse
= to fall asleep
o
o
llevarse = to get along
o
parecerse = to look like
parecer
= to seem *******
o
quedar = to be located quedarse
= to stay
o
volver = to return volverse
= to become
v
non-reflexive verbs can be used with the plural reflexive pronouns
(nos, os, se) to express the idea of reciprocal actions to “each other”:
abrazarse, besarse, ayudarse, comprenderse, escucharse, conocerse, contarse,
entenderse, escribirse, hablarse, leerse, llamarse, llevarse bien/mal,
pelearse, saludarse, verse
Gramática 9.1
(See related pages)
Describing Family Relationships: The Reciprocal
Reflexive Verbs parecerse and llevarse bien
Look at the family tree on page 310 of your
textbook and indicate if the following statements are true or false.
1
Amanda se parece mucho a sus hermanos Guillermo y
Ernestito.
A) cierto
B) falso
2
Clarisa y Marisa son gemelas, por lo tanto son muy
parecidas.
A) cierto
B) falso
3
Pedro y Ernesto son sólo cuñados, pero se parecen
mucho.
A) cierto
B) falso
4
Andrea se parece a su hermana Paula.
A) cierto
B) falso
Translate the following sentences into Spanish.
Daily
Routines “self”
1. We woke up yesterday at
6:00 am.
2. They used to go to bed at
10:00 pm.
3. I always get dressed before eating breakfast.
Physical/Emotional state
4. You feel sad when you watch that movie.
5. We are going to have fun
at the dance tonight.
6. She always behaved when
she was at school.
Change of state “become” or “get”
7. They got married last
week.
8. Don’t get angry!
9. We became tired after the
race.
10. I left because I got
bored.
Change
of meaning reflexive vs. non-reflexive
11. The hotel is located on
the corner. Are you planning to stay
there?
12. My sister and I get along
well. She lets me wear her clothes.
13. I always fall asleep
before 10:00 pm. I sleep for 8 hours.
Reciprocal “each other”
14. They know each other very
well.
15. We help each other often.
16. You all are going to
write to each other by e-mail.
17. Listen to each other!
18. My best friend and I
understand each other very well.
19. They saw each other last
week.
20. They are laughing because they are telling
each other jokes.
Thursday, June 7, 2012
Past Tense vs Imperfect. Exercises and explanations
http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/PRETIMP.HTM (Read this topic)
Excersises to complete and print para el Lunes 11.
http://wps.prenhall.com/ml_zayas_arriba_5/63/16367/4190163.cw/index.html
Open 1. The imperfect tense of regular and irregular verbs Capitulo 8 (Arriba)
Exercises: Imperfect of regular verbs
Uses of Imperfect.
http://wps.prenhall.com/ml_zayas_arriba_5/63/16368/4190359.cw/index.html (verb ser/ ir- conjugation Past Tense- pags. 268- Dos Mundos)
Capitulo 7 (Arriba)
1. Irregular verbs in the preterit (II)
After read the following explanation, complete the next exercise. Read pags. 331- 332 (Saying what you used to do)- Dos Mundos.
Book; Arriba.
3. The preterit of regular verbs
Diferences between Past Tense and Imperfect Tense.
In Spanish, the two simple past tenses that are predominantly used, are called the Imperfect and the Preterite and it is perfectly understandable for students, who are learning about past tenses for the first time, to be unsure as to which of these two tenses to use and when.
It goes without saying that both tenses are used to describe past actions or states but each is used differently and the following rules will hopefully clear up any confusion.
When to Use the Preterite
The preterite tense is used to express an action that was completed at some time in the past, listed here are some specific uses and examples:
When referring to a series of actions in the past:
Me desayuné, limpié la casa y me fui a la estación - I had breakfast, cleaned the house, and went to the station.
When referring to the beginning or the end of a past event:
La fiesta empezó a las diez - The party began at 10:00
When referring to things that are seen as being complete:
Dejó el trabajo hace un año - You left the job a year ago
When to Use the Imperfect
The imperfect tense expresses an action or state that was ongoing during the past and if it is uncertain whether it has been completed. Specific uses and examples are listed below:
To explain an action that a person did in the past habitually:
Cuando estábamos en el colegio, jugábamos al fútbol todos los jueves. - When we were at school, we used to play football every Thursday
To refer to an action without making reference to an end or a beginning:
Mi mujer tenía dolores de cabeza frecuentes - My wife had frequent headaches
When referring to actions that were taking place simultaneously in the past:
Mi hijo miraba televisión y mi hija cantaba - My son was watching television and my daughter was singing
When describing physical, emotional or mental states or conditions:
Estaba tan feliz que quería llorar - I was so happy that I wanted to cry
When referring to a past time:
Eran las ocho y media de la tarde- It was 8:30 p.m.
Era la una de la mañana - It was 1:00 a.m.
When describing an action or state that happened at some point in the past and that lasted for a certain amount of time and that happened prior to another past action.
Hacía todo el día que esperando cuando mi mujer llegó - I had been waiting all day when my when arrived
Excersises to complete and print para el Lunes 11.
http://wps.prenhall.com/ml_zayas_arriba_5/63/16367/4190163.cw/index.html
Open 1. The imperfect tense of regular and irregular verbs Capitulo 8 (Arriba)
Exercises: Imperfect of regular verbs
Uses of Imperfect.
http://wps.prenhall.com/ml_zayas_arriba_5/63/16368/4190359.cw/index.html (verb ser/ ir- conjugation Past Tense- pags. 268- Dos Mundos)
Capitulo 7 (Arriba)
1. Irregular verbs in the preterit (II)
After read the following explanation, complete the next exercise. Read pags. 331- 332 (Saying what you used to do)- Dos Mundos.
Book; Arriba.
3. The preterit of regular verbs
Diferences between Past Tense and Imperfect Tense.
In Spanish, the two simple past tenses that are predominantly used, are called the Imperfect and the Preterite and it is perfectly understandable for students, who are learning about past tenses for the first time, to be unsure as to which of these two tenses to use and when.
It goes without saying that both tenses are used to describe past actions or states but each is used differently and the following rules will hopefully clear up any confusion.
When to Use the Preterite
The preterite tense is used to express an action that was completed at some time in the past, listed here are some specific uses and examples:
When referring to a series of actions in the past:
Me desayuné, limpié la casa y me fui a la estación - I had breakfast, cleaned the house, and went to the station.
When referring to the beginning or the end of a past event:
La fiesta empezó a las diez - The party began at 10:00
When referring to things that are seen as being complete:
Dejó el trabajo hace un año - You left the job a year ago
When to Use the Imperfect
The imperfect tense expresses an action or state that was ongoing during the past and if it is uncertain whether it has been completed. Specific uses and examples are listed below:
To explain an action that a person did in the past habitually:
Cuando estábamos en el colegio, jugábamos al fútbol todos los jueves. - When we were at school, we used to play football every Thursday
To refer to an action without making reference to an end or a beginning:
Mi mujer tenía dolores de cabeza frecuentes - My wife had frequent headaches
When referring to actions that were taking place simultaneously in the past:
Mi hijo miraba televisión y mi hija cantaba - My son was watching television and my daughter was singing
When describing physical, emotional or mental states or conditions:
Estaba tan feliz que quería llorar - I was so happy that I wanted to cry
When referring to a past time:
Eran las ocho y media de la tarde- It was 8:30 p.m.
Era la una de la mañana - It was 1:00 a.m.
When describing an action or state that happened at some point in the past and that lasted for a certain amount of time and that happened prior to another past action.
Hacía todo el día que esperando cuando mi mujer llegó - I had been waiting all day when my when arrived
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